What Martial Arts Is Referred to as the Gentle Way
Story highlights
- Judo was founded in Japan in 1882
- Judokas use strength of opponent to win bouts
(CNN)It is 1 of the most pop sports in the world, skilful past 28 meg people in more than 200 countries.
Only what does it take master the "gentle way?"
CNN takes a expect at Judo'due south rules, its history as well as its guiding principles.
'The gentle way'
Judo was founded back in Japan in 1882 by Kanō Jigorō who envisaged non but a martial art (bujutsu) simply a style of life.
The Japanese word means "gentle way" in English language and its defining technical principle is to apply the strength of an opponent against them.
In a competitive setting, judoka aim to throw, pin or force their rival into a submission which is signaled past saying the discussion "maitta," or by tapping the mat or the opponent at least twice.
Belongings techniques include applying pressure to an opponent'south neck or manipulating the elbow articulation, but thrusts and strikes -- common in martial arts similar karate -- are only permitted in pre-bundled forms, or "kata," of the sport.
After taking to the mat, called the tatami, regulation bouts last four minutes for both males and females.
Competitors wear either blue or white, with the universal judo uniform known as the judogi. Seniority is based on a ranking arrangement, denoted by the color of a judoka's belt, from white belt for beginners through to a diversity of black belts.
Scoring
There are two different ways of scoring -- ippon and waza-ari
Ippon: Judo'southward equivalent to a knockout, signaled past the referee with a direct arm raised above the head, an ippon immediately ends the match.
An ippon is awarded for a throw that places the opponent flat on their dorsum with sufficient force and control; a pin that places the opponent on their back for 20 seconds; or a submission.
Waza-ari: A waza-ari is a bottom throw that places the opponent on their back, but without the force or command to merit the awarding of an ippon, or a pin that places the opponent on their back for more than x seconds.
The referee signals a waza-ari has been scored past extending their arm out at shoulder level with the palm of their paw facing downwards.
In amendments to the sport's rules effective from January 2018, ii waza-ari scores will equal an ippon, thereby ending the lucifer.
During a match, the referee may penalize a judoka for passivity, the utilise of prohibited techniques or behavior deemed against the spirit of judo.
Hansoku-brand: This signifies an outright disqualification and tin can exist invoked for any major breach of the rules. Minor breaches, such equally stepping outside of the allotted mat area, are known as shido with three shido resulting in a hansoku-make.
Guiding principles
Seiryoku zen'yō: "Maximum efficiency, minimum effort"
The principle of seiryoku zen'yō, as defined by Kanō, aims to prove that more powerful opponents can be overcome past superior technique.
When your opponent pulls, you push; when he pushes, you pull.
Jita kyōei: "Common welfare and benefit"
Accoring to French judo-star and double Olympic gold medla winner, Teddy Riner, judo "is a sport which demands an irreproachable lifestyle, a sport which demands a rigor. (In that location is) a moral code which is similar to that which you acquire from your parents."
Judo'due south key dates
- 1882 Judo's creator, Kanō, opens a dojo at the Eisho-ji temple in Tokyo. It is later known as the Kōdōkan, meaning "the place for expounding the way."
- 1932 Judo is included equally a demonstration sport in the Games of the 10th Olympiad in Los Angeles. Kanō is initially reticent when asked if he thinks information technology should be included as a sport.
- 1951 International Judo Federation (IJF), responsible for organizing and hosting competitions, is founded.
- 1964 Judo becomes Olympic sport for men at 1964 Games in Tokyo. Dutchman Anton Geesink wins the first ever gold, beating Akio Kaminaga of Nippon.
- 1992 A Women's Olympic division is introduced at the 1992 Games in Barcelona
Source: https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/21/sport/judo-rules-principles-explainer-budapest-world-championships/index.html
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